レオ１３世とビスマルク。文化闘争はビスマルクの失敗ではなかった。背後にパラオ、カロライン諸島の領有権問題があった！
Even those who claim to be scholars and experts do not know the history of the Pacific Islands. They speak from their own assumptions. Anyone who writes or speaks that "Palau was a colony of Spain, Germany, Japan, and the United States" should assume they know nothing about it.
There is no historical fact that Spain colonized Palau and the Caroline Islands after the Treaty of Tridecillaes in 1494, which divided the earth into two parts with Portugal.
In the 19th century, Anglo-German trade was intensified, and at first the Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Spain claimed no sovereignty at the Palau and Caroline islands, but then public opinion and the media started to make a noise.
Bismarck made a wise decision to leave the arbitration to Pope Leo XIII to avoide the Spanish-German War. Leo XIII responded to Bismarck's expectations and issued a decision known as the "Solomon Judgment". That is, sovereignty went to Spain and trade and commercial rights went to Germany.
Nearly 400 years after the Treaty of Tridecillaes, Spain established its first administrative authority, but their colonial administrations were all failures. The Caroline Islands colony became a further burden on the declining nation. Then came the defeat in the Spanish-American War in 1898. Germany, hoping to take advantage of the war, began negotiations with Spain, which had been impoverished by the war, and under the Spain-German Treaty of June 30, 1899, bought the Caroline and Mariana Islands for half of Spain's asking price.
The details are in Prof. Kumao Takaoka's book, "The History of German Inner South Sea Governance," which I spoke about in my Twitter space as I chewed through it, and you can listen to it until early October.
学者や専門家を名乗る人々でさえ、太平洋島嶼国の歴史を知らない。思い込みで語っている。「パラオはスペイン、ドイツ、日本、米国の植民地でした」と書いたり話す人は何も知らないと思った方がよい。
スペインが1494年にトリデシリャス条約で地球をポルトガルと二分してから、パラオ、カロライン諸島を植民した史実はない。１９世紀に英国ドイツが貿易を活発化させ、当初は首相、外相は主権を主張しないとしていたが、世論とメディアが騒ぎ出したのだ。西独戦争直前でビスマルクが賢明な判断をし、教皇レオ１３世に仲裁を任せた。レオ１３世もビスマルクの期待に応え、ソロモン裁定と呼ばれる判断を下した。即ち、主権はスペインに、貿易商業権はドイツに。
トリデシリャス条約から400年近く経ってスペインは初めて行政機関を置くがその植民は悉く失敗。カロライン諸島植民は衰退する国家にさらに負担となった。そして米西戦争の敗北。ドイツは漁夫の利を得ようと戦争で貧窮するスペインと交渉を開始。1899年６月30日の西独条約の下、スペインの言い値の半分でカロライン諸島、マリアナ諸島を買ったのである。
詳細は高岡熊雄著「ドイツ内南洋統治史論」にあり、これを噛み砕きながらツイッタースペースで話しました。10月初旬まで聞けると思います。
